FTP Server : Vsftpd over SSL/TLS2023/03/07

	Enable SSL/TLS for Vsftpd to use secure FTP connections.
[1]	Create self-signed certificates. However, if you use valid certificates like from Let's Encrypt or others, you don't need to create this one.

[root@www ~]#

cd /etc/pki/tls/certs

[root@www certs]#

openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout vsftpd.pem -out vsftpd.pem -days 3650

Generating a RSA private key
.....+++++
................+++++
writing new private key to 'vsftpd.pem'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:JP                                    # country code
State or Province Name (full name) []:Hiroshima                         # State
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Hiroshima                       # city
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:GTS               # company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Server World                  # department
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.srv.world  # server's FQDN
Email Address []:root@srv.world                                         # admin's email

[root@www certs]#

chmod 600 vsftpd.pem

[2]	Configure Vsftpd. Configure basic settings before it, refer to here.

[root@www ~]#

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

# add to the end : enable SSL/TLS

rsa_cert_file=/etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem
ssl_enable=YES
force_local_data_ssl=YES
force_local_logins_ssl=YES

[root@www ~]#

systemctl restart vsftpd

[3]	If Firewalld is running, set fixed passive ports and allow them.

[root@www ~]#

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

# add to the end
# fix passive ports with any range you like

pasv_enable=YES
pasv_min_port=60000
pasv_max_port=60100

[root@www ~]#

systemctl restart vsftpd

# allow fixed passive ports

[root@www ~]#

firewall-cmd --add-port=60000-60100/tcp

success
[root@www ~]#

firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

success

FTP Client : AlmaLinux

	Configure FTP Client to use FTPS connection on AlmaLinux.
[4]	Install FTP Client first, and next, configure like follows.

[redhat@dlp ~]$

vi ~/.lftprc

# create new

set ftp:ssl-auth TLS
set ftp:ssl-force true
set ftp:ssl-protect-list yes
set ftp:ssl-protect-data yes
set ftp:ssl-protect-fxp yes
set ssl:verify-certificate no

[redhat@dlp ~]$

lftp -u alma www.srv.world

Password:
lftp alma@www.srv.world:~>

FTP Client : Windows

[5]	For example of FileZilla on Windows, Open [File] - [Site Manager].

[6]	Click the [New site] button and input connection infomation like follows, for encryption field, select [Use explicit FTP over TLS].

[7]	If you set self-signed certificate, following warning is shown, it's no ploblem. Go next.

[8]	If settings are OK, it's possible to connect to FTP server with FTPS like follows.

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