KVM : Virt-Tools2015/01/10 |
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Install useful tools for virt management.
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| [1] | Install virt tools. |
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[root@dlp ~]# yum -y install libguestfs-tools libguestfs-xfs virt-top
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| [2] | Get official OS image and Create a Virtual Machine. ( If you'd like to do from OS installation, refer to here of [1] ) |
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# display available OS template [root@dlp ~]# virt-builder -l opensuse-13.1 x86_64 openSUSE 13.1 opensuse-13.2 x86_64 openSUSE 13.2 opensuse-42.1 x86_64 openSUSE Leap 42.1 opensuse-tumbleweed x86_64 openSUSE Tumbleweed centos-6 x86_64 CentOS 6.6 centos-7.0 x86_64 CentOS 7.0 centos-7.1 x86_64 CentOS 7.1 centos-7.2 aarch64 CentOS 7.2 (aarch64) centos-7.2 x86_64 CentOS 7.2 centos-7.3 x86_64 CentOS 7.3 centos-7.4 x86_64 CentOS 7.4 centos-7.5 x86_64 CentOS 7.5 ..... ..... # create an image of CentOS 7.5 [root@dlp ~]# export LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND=direct [root@dlp ~]# virt-builder centos-7.5 --format qcow2 --size 20G -o centos75.qcow2 --root-password password
[ 3.8] Downloading: http://libguestfs.org/download/builder/centos-7.5.xz
[ 74.0] Planning how to build this image
[ 74.0] Uncompressing
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Output file: centos75.qcow2
Output size: 20.0G
Output format: qcow2
Total usable space: 19.4G
Free space: 18.3G (94%)
# to configure VM with the image above, run virt-install [root@dlp ~]# virt-install \
--name centos-75 \ --ram 4096 \ --disk path=/var/kvm/images/centos75.qcow2 \ --vcpus 2 \ --os-type linux \ --os-variant rhel7.5 \ --network bridge=br0 \ --graphics none \ --serial pty \ --console pty \ --boot hd \ --import |
| [3] | "ls" a directory in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-ls -l -d centos7 /root total 36 dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jan 8 22:38 . drwxr-xr-x. 17 root root 4096 Jan 8 22:36 .. -rw-------. 1 root root 61 Jan 8 22:38 .bash_history -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Dec 29 2013 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Dec 29 2013 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Dec 29 2013 .bashrc ... |
| [4] | "cat" a file in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-cat -d centos7 /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync ... |
| [5] | Edit a file in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-edit -d centos7 /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Thu Jan 8 13:20:43 2015 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # /dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 1 1 UUID=537b215f-30a1-4e82-b05d-f480aa8e1034 /boot xfs defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 |
| [6] | Display disk usage in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-df -d centos7 Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% centos7:/dev/sda1 508588 72348 436240 15% centos7:/dev/centos/root 8910848 779252 8131596 9% |
| [7] | Mount a disk for a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# guestmount -d centos7 -i /media [root@dlp ~]# ll /media total 32 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Jan 8 22:22 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Jan 8 22:37 boot drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jan 8 22:20 dev drwxr-xr-x. 74 root root 8192 Jan 8 22:36 etc ... |
| [8] | Display the status of virtual machines. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-top
virt-top 22:32:14 - x86_64 4/4CPU 2801MHz 11968MB
2 domains, 1 active, 1 running, 0 sleeping, 0 paused, 1 inactive D:0 O:0 X:0
CPU: 0.2% Mem: 500 MB (500 MB by guests)
ID S RDRQ WRRQ RXBY TXBY %CPU %MEM TIME NAME
6 R 0 0 0.2 4.0 0:09.14 guestfs-o7nss1p3kxvyl1r5
- (centos7)
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