OpenStack Dalmatian : उदाहरण बनाएँ2024/10/04 |
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वर्चुअल मशीन इंस्टेंस बनाएं और प्रारंभ करें। |
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| [1] | एक उपयोगकर्ता के रूप में लॉगिन करें जिसे आपने ओपनस्टैक के लिए पर्यावरण चर सेट किया है और फिर वर्चुअल मशीन इंस्टेंस बनाएं और प्रारंभ करें। |
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# उपलब्ध [flavor] सूची की पुष्टि करें ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack flavor list +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 2048 | 10 | 0 | 1 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 4096 | 10 | 0 | 2 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 8192 | 10 | 0 | 4 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 16384 | 10 | 0 | 8 | True | | 5 | m2.medium | 8192 | 10 | 10 | 4 | True | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ # उपलब्ध छवि सूची की पुष्टि करें ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack image list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+ | a9d10f1d-d836-424d-8117-ff3fc8c5e966 | Ubuntu2404 | active | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+ # उपलब्ध नेटवर्क सूची की पुष्टि करें ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack network list +--------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------+ | 7398c285-1333-4aa7-a487- | sharednet1 | 7097c0b5-34be-4179-8316- | | 1d37e5e27eb9 | | 7b9131d61308 | +--------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------+ # उदाहरण के लिए एक सुरक्षा समूह बनाएं ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group create secgroup01 +-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2024-10-04T01:57:20Z | | description | secgroup01 | | id | f1f9a564-53aa-4c02-b302-d89928deef8b | | name | secgroup01 | | project_id | 84e315c8d65e4b3cb33aaf69c9eed0c3 | | revision_number | 1 | | rules | created_at='2024-10-04T01:57:20Z', direction='egress', | | | ethertype='IPv4', | | | id='5934759e-8a12-41ce-8022-1828cfe11edc', | | | standard_attr_id='20', updated_at='2024-10-04T01:57:20Z' | | | created_at='2024-10-04T01:57:20Z', direction='egress', | | | ethertype='IPv6', | | | id='c93b5106-6f45-4bd7-8ffd-7b74d7408f65', | | | standard_attr_id='21', updated_at='2024-10-04T01:57:20Z' | | shared | False | | stateful | True | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2024-10-04T01:57:20Z | +-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group list +------------------+------------+------------------+--------------------+------+ | ID | Name | Description | Project | Tags | +------------------+------------+------------------+--------------------+------+ | e7031ca4-f693- | default | Default security | 84e315c8d65e4b3cb3 | [] | | 4184-87f8- | | group | 3aaf69c9eed0c3 | | | 9099b24faef7 | | | | | | f1f9a564-53aa- | secgroup01 | secgroup01 | 84e315c8d65e4b3cb3 | [] | | 4c02-b302- | | | 3aaf69c9eed0c3 | | | d89928deef8b | | | | | +------------------+------------+------------------+--------------------+------+ # इंस्टेंस से कनेक्ट करने के लिए SSH कुंजी युग्म बनाएं ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ ssh-keygen -q -N "" Enter file in which to save the key (/home/ubuntu/.ssh/id_ed25519): # सार्वजनिक कुंजी जोड़ें ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | None | | fingerprint | ca:3f:20:19:6b:52:fc:c8:78:9e:d9:99:fe:1b:b5:0d | | id | mykey | | is_deleted | None | | name | mykey | | type | ssh | | user_id | d97d1aef1b234c469ad3757bcd51dfa4 | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | Name | Fingerprint | Type | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | mykey | ca:3f:20:19:6b:52:fc:c8:78:9e:d9:99:fe:1b:b5:0d | ssh | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+
ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$
netID=$(openstack network list | grep sharednet1 | awk '{ print $2 }') # एक इंस्टेंस बनाएं और बूट करें ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image Ubuntu2404 --security-group secgroup01 --nic net-id=$netID --key-name mykey Ubuntu-2404
+-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | ubuntu-2404 | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | None | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | N/A | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None | | accessIPv4 | None | | accessIPv6 | None | | addresses | N/A | | adminPass | UhTB2oTeq9Nz | | config_drive | None | | created | 2024-10-04T02:00:29Z | | description | None | | flavor | description=, disk='10', | | | ephemeral='0', , id='m1.small', | | | is_disabled=, is_public='True', | | | location=, name='m1.small', | | | original_name='m1.small', ram='4096', | | | rxtx_factor=, swap='0', vcpus='2' | | hostId | None | | host_status | None | | id | 885b6f1a-3e80-4e0d-b6a7-9781ac46bd1a | | image | Ubuntu2404 | | | (a9d10f1d-d836-424d-8117-ff3fc8c5e966) | | key_name | mykey | | locked | None | | locked_reason | None | | name | Ubuntu-2404 | | pinned_availability_zone | None | | progress | None | | project_id | 84e315c8d65e4b3cb33aaf69c9eed0c3 | | properties | None | | security_groups | name='f1f9a564-53aa-4c02-b302- | | | d89928deef8b' | | server_groups | None | | status | BUILD | | tags | | | trusted_image_certificates | None | | updated | 2024-10-04T02:00:29Z | | user_id | d97d1aef1b234c469ad3757bcd51dfa4 | | volumes_attached | | +-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+ # स्थिति दिखाएं ([BUILD] उदाहरण बनाते समय स्थिति दिखाई जाती है) ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +----------------+-------------+--------+----------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +----------------+-------------+--------+----------+------------+----------+ | 885b6f1a-3e80- | Ubuntu-2404 | BUILD | | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 4e0d-b6a7- | | | | | | | 9781ac46bd1a | | | | | | +----------------+-------------+--------+----------+------------+----------+ # सामान्य रूप से प्रारंभ होने पर, स्थिति [ACTIVE] में बदल जाती है ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 885b6f1a- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 3e80-4e0d- | | | .0.0.224 | | | | b6a7- | | | | | | | 9781ac46bd1a | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ |
| [2] | SSH और ICMP तक पहुँचने के लिए आपके द्वारा ऊपर बनाए गए सुरक्षा समूह के लिए सुरक्षा सेटिंग्स कॉन्फ़िगर करें। |
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# अनुमति ICMP ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2024-10-04T02:02:16Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | bceea50a-7ea5-4205-befa-79db37cd1ffe | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | None | | port_range_min | None | | project_id | 84e315c8d65e4b3cb33aaf69c9eed0c3 | | protocol | icmp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | f1f9a564-53aa-4c02-b302-d89928deef8b | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2024-10-04T02:02:16Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ # अनुमति SSH ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --dst-port 22:22 secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2024-10-04T02:02:45Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 87bd5993-77ed-45db-ac10-2192ba029aff | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | 22 | | port_range_min | 22 | | project_id | 84e315c8d65e4b3cb33aaf69c9eed0c3 | | protocol | tcp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | f1f9a564-53aa-4c02-b302-d89928deef8b | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2024-10-04T02:02:45Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group rule list secgroup01 +----------+-------------+-----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | ID | IP Protocol | Ethertype | IP Range | Port Range | Direction | Remote Security Group | Remote Address Group | +----------+-------------+-----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | 5934759e | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/ | | egress | None | None | | -8a12- | | | 0 | | | | | | 41ce- | | | | | | | | | 8022- | | | | | | | | | 1828cfe1 | | | | | | | | | 1edc | | | | | | | | | 87bd5993 | tcp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/ | 22:22 | ingress | None | None | | -77ed- | | | 0 | | | | | | 45db-ac1 | | | | | | | | | 0- | | | | | | | | | 2192ba02 | | | | | | | | | 9aff | | | | | | | | | bceea50a | icmp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/ | | ingress | None | None | | -7ea5- | | | 0 | | | | | | 4205- | | | | | | | | | befa- | | | | | | | | | 79db37cd | | | | | | | | | 1ffe | | | | | | | | | c93b5106 | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | egress | None | None | | -6f45- | | | | | | | | | 4bd7- | | | | | | | | | 8ffd- | | | | | | | | | 7b74d740 | | | | | | | | | 8f65 | | | | | | | | +----------+-------------+-----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ |
| [3] | SSH के साथ इंस्टेंस में लॉग इन करें। |
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ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 885b6f1a- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 3e80-4e0d- | | | .0.0.224 | | | | b6a7- | | | | | | | 9781ac46bd1a | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ ping 10.0.0.224 -c3 PING 10.0.0.224 (10.0.0.224) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.0.224: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.14 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.224: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.643 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.224: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.491 ms --- 10.0.0.224 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2064ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.491/0.757/1.139/0.276 msubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ ssh ubuntu@10.0.0.224
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.224 (10.0.0.224)' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:rLGF9nr6DzWZiy7HDWehAgjJJBGwPusD8fOp8lWeyW0. This key is not known by any other names. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.224' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts. Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-44-generic x86_64) ..... ..... To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>". See "man sudo_root" for details. ubuntu@ubuntu-2404:~$ # लॉगिन किया गया |
| [4] | यदि आप किसी इंस्टेंस को रोकना चाहते हैं, तो इसे openstack कमांड के साथ निम्नानुसार नियंत्रित करना संभव है। |
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ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 885b6f1a- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 3e80-4e0d- | | | .0.0.224 | | | | b6a7- | | | | | | | 9781ac46bd1a | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ # उदाहरण रोकें ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server stop Ubuntu-2404 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+---------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+---------+---------------+------------+----------+ | e499117a- | Ubuntu-2404 | SHUTOFF | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 58e4-4c75- | | | .0.0.224 | | | | 9712- | | | | | | | 836d4fbe5572 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+---------+---------------+------------+----------+ # प्रारंभ उदाहरण ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server start Ubuntu-2404 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 885b6f1a- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 3e80-4e0d- | | | .0.0.224 | | | | b6a7- | | | | | | | 9781ac46bd1a | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ |
| [5] | VNC कंसोल प्राप्त करने के लिए वेब ब्राउज़र से एक्सेस करना संभव है। |
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ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 885b6f1a- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 3e80-4e0d- | | | .0.0.224 | | | | b6a7- | | | | | | | 9781ac46bd1a | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack console url show Ubuntu-2404 +----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | protocol | vnc | | type | novnc | | url | https://dlp.srv.world:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3D1e2cedc3 | | | -b636-47a3-b624-568b74a236f3 | +----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| [6] | यूआरएल तक पहुंच जो ऊपर दिए गए आदेश द्वारा प्रदर्शित किया गया था। |
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