OpenStack Victoria : インスタンスを起動する2020/11/17 |
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仮想マシンインスタンスを起動します。
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| [1] | Openstack を利用したい任意のユーザーでログインし、Openstack 認証用の設定ファイルを作成して、仮想マシンインスタンスを作成/起動します。 認証ファイル中のプロジェクト名やユーザー名/パスワードは Keystone に登録したものを指定します。 |
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[cent@dlp ~]$
vi ~/keystonerc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=hiroshima export OS_USERNAME=serverworld export OS_PASSWORD=userpassword export OS_AUTH_URL=http://10.0.0.30:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2 export PS1='[\u@\h \W(keystone)]\$ '
[cent@dlp ~]$
chmod 600 ~/keystonerc [cent@dlp ~]$ source ~/keystonerc [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ echo "source ~/keystonerc " >> ~/.bash_profile
# 利用可能な [flavor] 確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack flavor list +----+----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 0 | m1.small | 2048 | 10 | 0 | 1 | True | +----+----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ # 利用可能なイメージ確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack image list +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+ | 8507b98f-3e9d-4ac9-92f9-9ee8d7f69339 | CentOS8 | active | +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+ # 利用可能なネットワーク確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack network list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ | eb98c7ec-2f7c-4904-87e0-b36767f7e102 | sharednet1 | 072580b0-eb8a-4c53-b4f9-687f84c04510 | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ # インスタンス用のセキュリティグループを作成 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group create secgroup01 +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2020-11-17T02:14:59Z | | description | secgroup01 | | id | dc94fe3a-6faa-4397-a8e9-703f86c687c9 | | name | secgroup01 | | project_id | 8cc9f93ed89f40e28a610d025462c020 | | revision_number | 1 | | rules | created_at='2020-11-17T02:14:59Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv4', id=... | | | created_at='2020-11-17T02:14:59Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv6', id=... | | stateful | True | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2020-11-17T02:14:59Z | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group list +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ | ID | Name | Description | Project | Tags | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ | 31077ae6-f869-4229-a984-705e6fa6a60e | default | Default security group | 8cc9f93ed89f40e28a610d025462c020 | [] | | dc94fe3a-6faa-4397-a8e9-703f86c687c9 | secgroup01 | secgroup01 | 8cc9f93ed89f40e28a610d025462c020 | [] | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ # インスタンス接続用の SSH キーペア作成 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ssh-keygen -q -N "" Enter file in which to save the key (/home/cent/.ssh/id_rsa): # 公開鍵登録 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | fingerprint | 45:50:e9:03:b8:3a:31:f8:ca:67:83:25:55:3a:2a:44 | | name | mykey | | user_id | bb4ae84eefc04357987ec43b8e93118c | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Fingerprint | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+ | mykey | 45:50:e9:03:b8:3a:31:f8:ca:67:83:25:55:3a:2a:44 | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
netID=$(openstack network list | grep sharednet1 | awk '{ print $2 }') # インスタンス作成/起動 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image CentOS8 --security-group secgroup01 --nic net-id=$netID --key-name mykey CentOS-8
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | NOSTATE | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None | | accessIPv4 | | | accessIPv6 | | | addresses | | | adminPass | mPuLW5KdmkH2 | | config_drive | | | created | 2020-11-17T02:19:11Z | | flavor | m1.small (0) | | hostId | | | id | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | | image | CentOS8 (8507b98f-3e9d-4ac9-92f9-9ee8d7f69339) | | key_name | mykey | | name | CentOS-8 | | progress | 0 | | project_id | 8cc9f93ed89f40e28a610d025462c020 | | properties | | | security_groups | name='dc94fe3a-6faa-4397-a8e9-703f86c687c9' | | status | BUILD | | updated | 2020-11-17T02:19:11Z | | user_id | bb4ae84eefc04357987ec43b8e93118c | | volumes_attached | | +-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+ # 動作確認 (起動直後しばらくは [BUILD] ステータスとなっている) [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+----------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+----------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | BUILD | | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+----------+---------+----------+ # 正常に起動すると [ACTIVE] ステータスとなる [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.224 | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ |
| [2] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH 接続できるように、先に作成したセキュリティグループにポート許可の設定を追加します。 |
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# ICMP 許可 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress secgroup01 +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2020-11-17T02:20:33Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 73044cd6-e962-4556-ab47-f708aa8313c3 | | name | None | | port_range_max | None | | port_range_min | None | | project_id | 8cc9f93ed89f40e28a610d025462c020 | | protocol | icmp | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | dc94fe3a-6faa-4397-a8e9-703f86c687c9 | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2020-11-17T02:20:33Z | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ # SSH 許可 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --dst-port 22:22 secgroup01 +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2020-11-17T02:20:47Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 3f186089-e48d-4766-92d7-ebcc911ce9e1 | | name | None | | port_range_max | 22 | | port_range_min | 22 | | project_id | 8cc9f93ed89f40e28a610d025462c020 | | protocol | tcp | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | dc94fe3a-6faa-4397-a8e9-703f86c687c9 | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2020-11-17T02:20:47Z | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule list +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ | ID | IP Protocol | Ethertype | IP Range | Port Range | Remote Se | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ | 13146d8f-5f99-4d93-b94a-ef11668338f5 | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | 31077a... | | 3b2da321-a840-4e4f-ac48-71bdd1995204 | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | 31077a... | | 3f186089-e48d-4766-92d7-ebcc911ce9e1 | tcp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | 22:22 | None | | 48d4d9fe-5c87-46c7-a1d7-40dda384e92b | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | None | | 6c3896a9-c68f-40d1-bf1c-eddd32f1c7f5 | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | None | | 73044cd6-e962-4556-ab47-f708aa8313c3 | icmp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | None | | afdbc33a-8fae-4dc3-802a-34d4befc08b5 | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | None | | c2b3ad40-a9c3-4d5e-b56d-b0b69f5c3cbf | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | None | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+ |
| [3] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH ログインします。 |
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[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.224 | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ # ping 応答が返ってくれば OK [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ping 10.0.0.224 -c3 PING 10.0.0.224 (10.0.0.224) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.0.224: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.49 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.224: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.891 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.224: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.658 ms --- 10.0.0.224 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 5ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.658/1.347/2.492/0.815 ms # SSH でログイン [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ssh centos@10.0.0.224
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.224 (10.0.0.224)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:z6uZPMXfKk3znromBqn62hwkWSq8KvI/k0KQqVS7/QU. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.224' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. [centos@centos-8 ~]$ # ログインできた |
| [4] | 一旦作成して起動した仮想マシンインスタンスを停止/起動する場合は、以下のように [start/stop] コマンドで制御できます。 |
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[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.224 | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ # インスタンス停止 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server stop CentOS-8 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | SHUTOFF | sharednet1=10.0.0.224 | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ # インスタンスを起動する [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server start CentOS-8 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.224 | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ |
| [5] | VNC コンソールを取得して Web ブラウザでのアクセスも可能です。 |
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[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+ | 24ca61e0-1463-4456-93ca-31c5cc6ba2b5 | CentOS-8 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.224 | CentOS8 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+---------+----------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack console url show CentOS-8 +-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | type | novnc | | url | http://10.0.0.30:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3Dfb981be4-8d4e-46d6-aeb5-450af376acf0 | +-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| [6] | 上記コマンドで表示された URL に Web アクセスすると、インスタンスに接続され、操作が可能となります。 |
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