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OpenStack Caracal : インスタンスを起動する2024/08/06

 

仮想マシンインスタンスを起動します。

[1] Openstack 用の環境変数を設定した任意のユーザーでログインして、仮想マシンインスタンスを作成/起動します。
# 利用可能な [flavor] 確認

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack flavor list

+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name      |   RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 1  | m1.tiny   |  2048 |   10 |         0 |     1 | True      |
| 2  | m1.small  |  4096 |   10 |         0 |     2 | True      |
| 3  | m1.medium |  8192 |   10 |         0 |     4 | True      |
| 4  | m1.large  | 16384 |   10 |         0 |     8 | True      |
| 5  | m2.large  | 16384 |   10 |        10 |     8 | True      |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+

# 利用可能なイメージ確認

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack image list

+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name           | Status |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+
| cfa9783d-ca91-4e3b-8016-81e3336bd5f0 | CentOS-Stream9 | active |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+

# 利用可能なネットワーク確認

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack network list

+--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Subnets                              |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+
| 03d69fb5-74c0-4273-874e-e2fd0af17339 | sharednet1 | cff78758-3fdc-450c-9cec-3b8b3b6cb44b |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+

# インスタンス用のセキュリティグループを作成

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack security group create secgroup01

+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field           | Value                                                                     |
+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| created_at      | 2024-08-06T01:39:55Z                                                      |
| description     | secgroup01                                                                |
| id              | d5d3512c-720d-4899-89d6-cca61c92bf7b                                      |
| name            | secgroup01                                                                |
| project_id      | 03a31c43ede44dcbaacb05c870920e81                                          |
| revision_number | 1                                                                         |
| rules           | created_at='2024-08-06T01:39:55Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv6... |
|                 | created_at='2024-08-06T01:39:55Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv4... |
| shared          | False                                                                     |
| stateful        | True                                                                      |
| tags            | []                                                                        |
| updated_at      | 2024-08-06T01:39:55Z                                                      |
+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack security group list

+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Description            | Project                          | Tags |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+
| d5d3512c-720d-4899-89d6-cca61c92bf7b | secgroup01 | secgroup01             | 03a31c43ede44dcbaacb05c870920e81 | []   |
| f7e1a959-708b-4a3f-8cd7-29775c1693b3 | default    | Default security group | 03a31c43ede44dcbaacb05c870920e81 | []   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+

# インスタンス接続用の SSH キーペア作成

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
ssh-keygen -q -N ""

Enter file in which to save the key (/home/cent/.ssh/id_rsa):
# 公開鍵登録

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey

+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                                           |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| created_at  | None                                            |
| fingerprint | b7:34:22:64:14:53:97:6f:18:50:b2:be:1a:34:8d:1b |
| id          | mykey                                           |
| is_deleted  | None                                            |
| name        | mykey                                           |
| type        | ssh                                             |
| user_id     | 8a9b46168b42480f889ad4fad3ca6ee4                |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack keypair list

+-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+
| Name  | Fingerprint                                     | Type |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+
| mykey | b7:34:22:64:14:53:97:6f:18:50:b2:be:1a:34:8d:1b | ssh  |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
netID=$(openstack network list | grep sharednet1 | awk '{ print $2 }')

# インスタンス作成/起動

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image CentOS-Stream9 --security-group secgroup01 --nic net-id=$netID --key-name mykey CentOS-St9
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Field                                | Value                                                 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig                    | MANUAL                                                |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone          |                                                       |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state               | NOSTATE                                               |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state                | scheduling                                            |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state                  | building                                              |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at               | None                                                  |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at             | None                                                  |
| accessIPv4                           |                                                       |
| accessIPv6                           |                                                       |
| addresses                            |                                                       |
| adminPass                            | pAsxkr8F7srv                                          |
| config_drive                         |                                                       |
| created                              | 2024-08-06T01:51:16Z                                  |
| flavor                               | m1.small (2)                                          |
| hostId                               |                                                       |
| id                                   | 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66                  |
| image                                | CentOS-Stream9 (cfa9783d-ca91-4e3b-8016-81e3336bd5f0) |
| key_name                             | mykey                                                 |
| name                                 | CentOS-St9                                            |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | []                                                    |
| progress                             | 0                                                     |
| project_id                           | 03a31c43ede44dcbaacb05c870920e81                      |
| properties                           |                                                       |
| security_groups                      | name='d5d3512c-720d-4899-89d6-cca61c92bf7b'           |
| status                               | BUILD                                                 |
| updated                              | 2024-08-06T01:51:16Z                                  |
| user_id                              | 8a9b46168b42480f889ad4fad3ca6ee4                      |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+

# 動作確認 (起動直後しばらくは [BUILD] ステータスとなっている)

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Status | Networks | Image          | Flavor   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+
| 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66 | CentOS-St9 | BUILD  |          | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+

# 正常に起動すると [ACTIVE] ステータスとなる

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Status | Networks              | Image          | Flavor   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.213 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
[2] 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH 接続できるように、先に作成したセキュリティグループにポート許可の設定を追加します。
# ICMP 許可

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress secgroup01

+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field                   | Value                                |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| belongs_to_default_sg   | False                                |
| created_at              | 2024-08-06T01:52:48Z                 |
| description             |                                      |
| direction               | ingress                              |
| ether_type              | IPv4                                 |
| id                      | 47cf6993-e64b-4535-97cb-0098fcd2b9ab |
| name                    | None                                 |
| normalized_cidr         | 0.0.0.0/0                            |
| port_range_max          | None                                 |
| port_range_min          | None                                 |
| project_id              | 03a31c43ede44dcbaacb05c870920e81     |
| protocol                | icmp                                 |
| remote_address_group_id | None                                 |
| remote_group_id         | None                                 |
| remote_ip_prefix        | 0.0.0.0/0                            |
| revision_number         | 0                                    |
| security_group_id       | d5d3512c-720d-4899-89d6-cca61c92bf7b |
| tags                    | []                                   |
| updated_at              | 2024-08-06T01:52:48Z                 |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+

# SSH 許可

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --dst-port 22:22 secgroup01

+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field                   | Value                                |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| belongs_to_default_sg   | False                                |
| created_at              | 2024-08-06T01:53:07Z                 |
| description             |                                      |
| direction               | ingress                              |
| ether_type              | IPv4                                 |
| id                      | 9ac7852e-0086-4ddf-933d-5a3cfcb39f09 |
| name                    | None                                 |
| normalized_cidr         | 0.0.0.0/0                            |
| port_range_max          | 22                                   |
| port_range_min          | 22                                   |
| project_id              | 03a31c43ede44dcbaacb05c870920e81     |
| protocol                | tcp                                  |
| remote_address_group_id | None                                 |
| remote_group_id         | None                                 |
| remote_ip_prefix        | 0.0.0.0/0                            |
| revision_number         | 0                                    |
| security_group_id       | d5d3512c-720d-4899-89d6-cca61c92bf7b |
| tags                    | []                                   |
| updated_at              | 2024-08-06T01:53:07Z                 |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack security group rule list secgroup01

+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+
| ID                                   | IP Protocol | Ethertype | IP Range  | Port Range | Direction | Remote Security Group | Remote Address Group |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+
| 47cf6993-e64b-4535-97cb-0098fcd2b9ab | icmp        | IPv4      | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | ingress   | None                  | None                 |
| 658e04ee-e885-47eb-ac87-475ef4d3bf69 | None        | IPv6      | ::/0      |            | egress    | None                  | None                 |
| 9ac7852e-0086-4ddf-933d-5a3cfcb39f09 | tcp         | IPv4      | 0.0.0.0/0 | 22:22      | ingress   | None                  | None                 |
| ab266b47-96ae-45e4-ba77-dbe19200da30 | None        | IPv4      | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | egress    | None                  | None                 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+
[3] 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH ログインします。
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Status | Networks              | Image          | Flavor   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.213 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+

# ping 応答が返ってくれば OK

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
ping 10.0.0.213 -c3

PING 10.0.0.213 (10.0.0.213) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.0.213: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.09 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.213: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.561 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.213: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.568 ms

--- 10.0.0.213 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2017ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.561/0.741/1.094/0.249 ms

# SSH でログイン

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
ssh centos@10.0.0.213
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.213 (10.0.0.213)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:f3STGxHRbBVHSNBPKC5kh1dj2i3elejqkaK/WJwIyqU.
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.213' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
[centos@centos-st9 ~]$     # ログインできた
[4] 一旦作成して起動した仮想マシンインスタンスを停止/起動する場合は、以下のように [start/stop] コマンドで制御できます。
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Status | Networks              | Image          | Flavor   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.213 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+

# インスタンス停止

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server stop CentOS-St9

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Status  | Networks              | Image          | Flavor   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66 | CentOS-St9 | SHUTOFF | sharednet1=10.0.0.213 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+

# インスタンスを起動する

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server start CentOS-St9

[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| ID                                   | Name       | Status | Networks              | Image          | Flavor   |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
| 3692b2c3-4378-4285-930d-b0cf4d765d66 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.213 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+
[5] VNC コンソールを取得して Web ブラウザーでのアクセスも可能です。
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
openstack console url show CentOS-St9

+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field    | Value                                                                                         |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| protocol | vnc                                                                                           |
| type     | novnc                                                                                         |
| url      | https://dlp.srv.world:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3D78eaec39-ad8d-40f8-b68a-8ad4fa9a598f |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
[6] 上記コマンドで表示された URL に Web アクセスすると、インスタンスに接続され、操作が可能となります。
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