OpenStack Dalmatian : インスタンスを起動する2024/10/09 |
|
仮想マシンインスタンスを起動します。 |
|
| [1] | Openstack 用の環境変数を設定した任意のユーザーでログインして、仮想マシンインスタンスを作成/起動します。 |
|
# 利用可能な [flavor] 確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack flavor list +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 2048 | 10 | 0 | 1 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 4096 | 10 | 0 | 2 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 8192 | 10 | 0 | 4 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 16384 | 10 | 0 | 8 | True | | 5 | m2.large | 16384 | 10 | 10 | 8 | True | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ # 利用可能なイメージ確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack image list +--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+ | 75e0d976-4075-4488-8f26-87d4a50aebe9 | CentOS-Stream9 | active | +--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+ # 利用可能なネットワーク確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack network list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ | 6939c291-ee09-481b-985a-baaee9248d3b | sharednet1 | 8a92efea-7b16-45b0-9f99-9e787371e95b | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ # インスタンス用のセキュリティグループを作成 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group create secgroup01 +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2024-10-09T08:08:44Z | | description | secgroup01 | | id | 8cf6191b-d9e3-4ffa-bbe0-505a66631030 | | name | secgroup01 | | project_id | 756e2b4937c44d3991028e294f92d89a | | revision_number | 1 | | rules | created_at='2024-10-09T08:08:44Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv6... | | | created_at='2024-10-09T08:08:44Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv4... | | shared | False | | stateful | True | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2024-10-09T08:08:44Z | +-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group list +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ | ID | Name | Description | Project | Tags | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ | 8cf6191b-d9e3-4ffa-bbe0-505a66631030 | secgroup01 | secgroup01 | 756e2b4937c44d3991028e294f92d89a | [] | | b7870e42-4f47-439b-adbf-6e9912bcb675 | default | Default security group | 756e2b4937c44d3991028e294f92d89a | [] | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ # インスタンス接続用の SSH キーペア作成 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ssh-keygen -q -N "" Enter file in which to save the key (/home/cent/.ssh/id_rsa): # 公開鍵登録 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | None | | fingerprint | a9:e0:a5:58:72:86:f3:77:64:22:51:1d:a3:51:64:8d | | id | mykey | | is_deleted | None | | name | mykey | | type | ssh | | user_id | 19c7530debb54eb0bfe6dc47aae3df32 | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | Name | Fingerprint | Type | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | mykey | a9:e0:a5:58:72:86:f3:77:64:22:51:1d:a3:51:64:8d | ssh | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
netID=$(openstack network list | grep sharednet1 | awk '{ print $2 }') # インスタンス作成/起動 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image CentOS-Stream9 --security-group secgroup01 --nic net-id=$netID --key-name mykey CentOS-St9
+-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | centos-st9 | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | None | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | N/A | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None | | accessIPv4 | None | | accessIPv6 | None | | addresses | N/A | | adminPass | Q5csDLMnjy7h | | config_drive | None | | created | 2024-10-09T08:10:53Z | | description | None | | flavor | description=, disk='10', ephemeral='0', , id='m1.smal... | | hostId | None | | host_status | None | | id | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | | image | CentOS-Stream9 (75e0d976-4075-4488-8f26-87d4a50aebe9) | | key_name | mykey | | locked | None | | locked_reason | None | | name | CentOS-St9 | | pinned_availability_zone | None | | progress | None | | project_id | 756e2b4937c44d3991028e294f92d89a | | properties | None | | security_groups | name='8cf6191b-d9e3-4ffa-bbe0-505a66631030' | | server_groups | None | | status | BUILD | | tags | | | trusted_image_certificates | None | | updated | 2024-10-09T08:10:53Z | | user_id | 19c7530debb54eb0bfe6dc47aae3df32 | | volumes_attached | | +-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+ # 動作確認 (起動直後しばらくは [BUILD] ステータスとなっている) [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+ | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | CentOS-St9 | BUILD | | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+ # 正常に起動すると [ACTIVE] ステータスとなる [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.230 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ |
| [2] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH 接続できるように、先に作成したセキュリティグループにポート許可の設定を追加します。 |
|
# ICMP 許可 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2024-10-09T08:12:30Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 13469673-c265-4292-b60b-feb46149a920 | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | None | | port_range_min | None | | project_id | 756e2b4937c44d3991028e294f92d89a | | protocol | icmp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | 8cf6191b-d9e3-4ffa-bbe0-505a66631030 | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2024-10-09T08:12:30Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ # SSH 許可 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --dst-port 22:22 secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2024-10-09T08:12:48Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 34dd38f5-3c0f-4a6e-81ac-94e1e6ca4f3e | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | 22 | | port_range_min | 22 | | project_id | 756e2b4937c44d3991028e294f92d89a | | protocol | tcp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | 8cf6191b-d9e3-4ffa-bbe0-505a66631030 | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2024-10-09T08:12:48Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule list secgroup01 +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | ID | IP Protocol | Ethertype | IP Range | Port Range | Direction | Remote Security Group | Remote Address Group | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | 13469673-c265-4292-b60b-feb46149a920 | icmp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | ingress | None | None | | 293abad5-8fa8-423f-bfe4-1168b6223736 | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | egress | None | None | | 34dd38f5-3c0f-4a6e-81ac-94e1e6ca4f3e | tcp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | 22:22 | ingress | None | None | | d2663982-46fb-4f26-b8d0-71c83bfe8db3 | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | egress | None | None | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ |
| [3] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH ログインします。 |
|
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.230 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ # ping 応答が返ってくれば OK [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ping 10.0.0.230 -c3 PING 10.0.0.230 (10.0.0.230) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.0.230: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.918 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.230: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.827 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.230: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.432 ms --- 10.0.0.230 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2047ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.432/0.725/0.918/0.210 ms # SSH でログイン [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ssh centos@10.0.0.230
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.230 (10.0.0.230)' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:G7xHFrUYe5Gdkr2Qi1lDUpG5mUWnEMOpQVr/FpY4D3s. This key is not known by any other names Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.230' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts. [centos@centos-st9 ~]$ # ログインできた |
| [4] | 一旦作成して起動した仮想マシンインスタンスを停止/起動する場合は、以下のように [start/stop] コマンドで制御できます。 |
|
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.230 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ # インスタンス停止 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server stop CentOS-St9 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | CentOS-St9 | SHUTOFF | sharednet1=10.0.0.230 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+------------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ # インスタンスを起動する [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server start CentOS-St9 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | b993f42a-adc7-45dd-b36f-6131a12b9eb7 | CentOS-St9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.230 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ |
| [5] | VNC コンソールを取得して Web ブラウザーでのアクセスも可能です。 |
|
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack console url show CentOS-St9 +----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | protocol | vnc | | type | novnc | | url | https://dlp.srv.world:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3De713f751-e16b-43fa-bdf7-629f73e32a0e | +----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| [6] | 上記コマンドで表示された URL に Web アクセスすると、インスタンスに接続され、操作が可能となります。 |
|
関連コンテンツ