OpenStack Epoxy : インスタンスを起動する2025/04/23 |
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仮想マシンインスタンスを起動します。 |
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| [1] | Openstack 用の環境変数を設定した任意のユーザーでログインして、仮想マシンインスタンスを作成/起動します。 |
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# 利用可能な [flavor] 確認 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack flavor list +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 2048 | 10 | 0 | 1 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 4096 | 10 | 0 | 2 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 8192 | 10 | 0 | 4 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 16384 | 10 | 0 | 8 | True | | 5 | m2.medium | 8192 | 10 | 10 | 4 | True | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ # 利用可能なイメージ確認 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack image list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+ | f1c2157b-e54b-42c2-a09d-885d21b7aa72 | Ubuntu2404 | active | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+ # 利用可能なネットワーク確認 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack network list +--------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------+ | 5ecc20e7-dd55-4976-a057- | sharednet1 | 5ac9df74-6565-4b99-9550- | | 577002a55af2 | | 3d77a5b470ac | +--------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------+ # インスタンス用のセキュリティグループを作成 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group create secgroup01 +-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2025-04-22T13:39:31Z | | description | secgroup01 | | id | 9c3f3854-fda6-46ce-a629-6a7b4420db1f | | name | secgroup01 | | project_id | 407400ec8d16434e9badf4ceb9d71f1e | | revision_number | 1 | | rules | created_at='2025-04-22T13:39:31Z', direction='egress', | | | ethertype='IPv6', | | | id='3b373086-2684-4a26-bd8b-73347a1035a6', | | | standard_attr_id='20', updated_at='2025-04-22T13:39:31Z' | | | created_at='2025-04-22T13:39:31Z', direction='egress', | | | ethertype='IPv4', | | | id='8fb579ad-e508-4b1d-a181-b56ccc5612bc', | | | standard_attr_id='21', updated_at='2025-04-22T13:39:31Z' | | shared | False | | stateful | True | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2025-04-22T13:39:31Z | +-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group list +------------------+------------+------------------+--------------------+------+ | ID | Name | Description | Project | Tags | +------------------+------------+------------------+--------------------+------+ | 7464be17-e7e4- | default | Default security | 407400ec8d16434e9b | [] | | 4f7e-9dcf- | | group | adf4ceb9d71f1e | | | aefab4bf3158 | | | | | | 9c3f3854-fda6- | secgroup01 | secgroup01 | 407400ec8d16434e9b | [] | | 46ce-a629- | | | adf4ceb9d71f1e | | | 6a7b4420db1f | | | | | +------------------+------------+------------------+--------------------+------+ # インスタンス接続用の SSH キーペア作成 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ ssh-keygen -q -N "" Enter file in which to save the key (/home/ubuntu/.ssh/id_ed25519): # 公開鍵登録 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | None | | fingerprint | 65:72:c3:3e:3d:2e:94:02:be:40:80:7e:44:ee:43:5e | | id | mykey | | is_deleted | None | | name | mykey | | type | ssh | | user_id | a30763bf79b944f59efcfd59d4899e5b | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | Name | Fingerprint | Type | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | mykey | 65:72:c3:3e:3d:2e:94:02:be:40:80:7e:44:ee:43:5e | ssh | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+
ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$
netID=$(openstack network list | grep sharednet1 | awk '{ print $2 }') # インスタンス作成/起動 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image Ubuntu2404 --security-group secgroup01 --nic net-id=$netID --key-name mykey Ubuntu-2404
+-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | ubuntu-2404 | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | None | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | N/A | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None | | accessIPv4 | None | | accessIPv6 | None | | addresses | N/A | | adminPass | Kex9eRet9DLx | | config_drive | None | | created | 2025-04-22T13:41:11Z | | description | None | | flavor | description=, disk='10', | | | ephemeral='0', , id='m1.small', | | | is_disabled=, is_public='True', | | | location=, name='m1.small', | | | original_name='m1.small', ram='4096', | | | rxtx_factor=, swap='0', vcpus='2' | | hostId | None | | host_status | None | | id | 82154f47-64ae-4c2e-9b16-42ebcb628957 | | image | Ubuntu2404 | | | (f1c2157b-e54b-42c2-a09d-885d21b7aa72) | | key_name | mykey | | locked | None | | locked_reason | None | | name | Ubuntu-2404 | | pinned_availability_zone | None | | progress | None | | project_id | 407400ec8d16434e9badf4ceb9d71f1e | | properties | None | | security_groups | name='9c3f3854-fda6-46ce-a629- | | | 6a7b4420db1f' | | server_groups | None | | status | BUILD | | tags | | | trusted_image_certificates | None | | updated | 2025-04-22T13:41:11Z | | user_id | a30763bf79b944f59efcfd59d4899e5b | | volumes_attached | | +-------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+ # 動作確認 (起動直後しばらくは [BUILD] ステータスとなっている) ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | BUILD | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | .0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ # 正常に起動すると [ACTIVE] ステータスとなる ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | .0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ |
| [2] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH 接続できるように、先に作成したセキュリティグループにポート許可の設定を追加します。 |
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# ICMP 許可 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2025-04-22T13:45:31Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 39760944-a27c-42cc-baa7-789befdee645 | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | None | | port_range_min | None | | project_id | 407400ec8d16434e9badf4ceb9d71f1e | | protocol | icmp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | 9c3f3854-fda6-46ce-a629-6a7b4420db1f | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2025-04-22T13:45:31Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ # SSH 許可 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --dst-port 22:22 secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2025-04-22T13:45:49Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 2c4454a0-fa89-4aca-b2fb-36cbd8eecde0 | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | 22 | | port_range_min | 22 | | project_id | 407400ec8d16434e9badf4ceb9d71f1e | | protocol | tcp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | 9c3f3854-fda6-46ce-a629-6a7b4420db1f | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2025-04-22T13:45:49Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack security group rule list secgroup01 +----------+-------------+-----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | ID | IP Protocol | Ethertype | IP Range | Port Range | Direction | Remote Security Group | Remote Address Group | +----------+-------------+-----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | 2c4454a0 | tcp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/ | 22:22 | ingress | None | None | | -fa89- | | | 0 | | | | | | 4aca- | | | | | | | | | b2fb- | | | | | | | | | 36cbd8ee | | | | | | | | | cde0 | | | | | | | | | 39760944 | icmp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/ | | ingress | None | None | | -a27c- | | | 0 | | | | | | 42cc-baa | | | | | | | | | 7- | | | | | | | | | 789befde | | | | | | | | | e645 | | | | | | | | | 3b373086 | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | egress | None | None | | -2684- | | | | | | | | | 4a26- | | | | | | | | | bd8b- | | | | | | | | | 73347a10 | | | | | | | | | 35a6 | | | | | | | | | 8fb579ad | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/ | | egress | None | None | | -e508- | | | 0 | | | | | | 4b1d- | | | | | | | | | a181- | | | | | | | | | b56ccc56 | | | | | | | | | 12bc | | | | | | | | +----------+-------------+-----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ |
| [3] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH ログインします。 |
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ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | .0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ # ping 応答が返ってくれば OK ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ ping 10.0.0.231 -c3 PING 10.0.0.231 (10.0.0.231) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.0.231: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.00 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.231: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.482 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.231: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.442 ms --- 10.0.0.231 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2048ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.442/0.642/1.003/0.255 ms # SSH でログイン ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ ssh ubuntu@10.0.0.231
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.231 (10.0.0.231)' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:jqDm8S3War++yD+Cbv5l1B/ab1zOrl8qHNMng/ISTkY. This key is not known by any other names. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.231' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts. Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-57-generic x86_64) ..... ..... To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>". See "man sudo_root" for details. ubuntu@ubuntu-2404:~$ # ログインできた |
| [4] | 一旦作成して起動した仮想マシンインスタンスを停止/起動する場合は、以下のように [start/stop] コマンドで制御できます。 |
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ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | .0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ # インスタンス停止 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server stop Ubuntu-2404 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+---------+--------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+---------+--------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | SHUTOFF | sharednet1=1 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | 0.0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+---------+--------------+------------+----------+ # インスタンスを起動する ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server start Ubuntu-2404 ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | .0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ |
| [5] | VNC コンソールを取得して Web ブラウザーでのアクセスも可能です。 |
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ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack server list +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ | 82154f47- | Ubuntu-2404 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10 | Ubuntu2404 | m1.small | | 64ae-4c2e- | | | .0.0.231 | | | | 9b16- | | | | | | | 42ebcb628957 | | | | | | +--------------+-------------+--------+---------------+------------+----------+ubuntu@dlp ~(keystone)$ openstack console url show Ubuntu-2404 +----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | protocol | vnc | | type | novnc | | url | https://dlp.srv.world:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3D8480f85d | | | -ac82-4046-be53-019a21f4d51a | +----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| [6] | 上記コマンドで表示された URL に Web アクセスすると、インスタンスに接続され、操作が可能となります。 |
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