MySQL 8.0 : SSL/TLS の設定2020/09/02 |
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MySQL で SSL/TLS による暗号化通信の設定を有効にします。
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| [1] | サーバー側は、デフォルトで自己署名の証明書が自動生成されて設定が適用されているため、特別な要件がない限りは、設定変更せずとも TLS 接続可能となっています。 |
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# mysqld が起動時に生成 root@dlp:~# ll /var/lib/mysql/*.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1680 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/ca-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1112 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/ca.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1112 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/client-cert.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1680 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/client-key.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1680 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/private_key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 452 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/public_key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1112 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/server-cert.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1680 Sep 1 19:45 /var/lib/mysql/server-key.pemroot@dlp:~# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 16 Server version: 8.0.21-0ubuntu0.20.04.4 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # SSL は有効な状態 mysql> show variables like '%ssl%'; +--------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------+-----------------+ | admin_ssl_ca | | | admin_ssl_capath | | | admin_ssl_cert | | | admin_ssl_cipher | | | admin_ssl_crl | | | admin_ssl_crlpath | | | admin_ssl_key | | | have_openssl | YES | | have_ssl | YES | | mysqlx_ssl_ca | | | mysqlx_ssl_capath | | | mysqlx_ssl_cert | | | mysqlx_ssl_cipher | | | mysqlx_ssl_crl | | | mysqlx_ssl_crlpath | | | mysqlx_ssl_key | | | ssl_ca | ca.pem | | ssl_capath | | | ssl_cert | server-cert.pem | | ssl_cipher | | | ssl_crl | | | ssl_crlpath | | | ssl_fips_mode | OFF | | ssl_key | server-key.pem | +--------------------+-----------------+ 24 rows in set (0.00 sec) # mysqld が生成した証明書の有効期限は 10年 mysql> show status like 'Ssl_server_not%'; +-----------------------+--------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------+--------------------------+ | Ssl_server_not_after | Aug 30 10:45:25 2030 GMT | | Ssl_server_not_before | Sep 1 10:45:25 2020 GMT | +-----------------------+--------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.01 sec) |
| [2] | ユーザーに対して SSL/TLS アクセスを必須にする場合は、以下のように設定します。 |
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root@dlp:~# mysql Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 8.0.21-0ubuntu0.20.04.4 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーを新規作成 mysql> create user debian identified by 'password' require ssl; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec) # SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーは ssl_type が ANY mysql> select user,host,ssl_type,plugin from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | ssl_type | plugin | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | debian | % | ANY | caching_sha2_password | | ubuntu | % | | caching_sha2_password | | debian-sys-maint | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | | auth_socket | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) # 既存ユーザーを SSL/TLS 必須にする mysql> alter user 'ubuntu'@'%' require ssl; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec) mysql> select user,host,ssl_type,plugin from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | ssl_type | plugin | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | debian | % | ANY | caching_sha2_password | | ubuntu | % | ANY | caching_sha2_password | | debian-sys-maint | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | | auth_socket | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
| [3] | SSL/TLS で接続する場合は [--ssl-mode] を指定して接続します。 |
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root@dlp:~# mysql -u ubuntu -p --ssl-mode=required Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 8.0.21-0ubuntu0.20.04.4 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # 接続状況確認 mysql> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; +---------------+------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+------------------------+ | Ssl_cipher | TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 | +---------------+------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye # 非暗号化通信の場合 (SSL 必須でないユーザーが接続可) root@dlp:~# mysql -u ubuntu -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 Server version: 8.0.21-0ubuntu0.20.04.4 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # 値はブランク mysql> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | Ssl_cipher | | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
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