Elastic Stack 8 : Elasticsearch インストール2024/08/02 |
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全文検索エンジン Elasticsearch をインストールします。 |
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| [1] | Elasticsearch をインストールして起動します。 Java のインストールは不要です。Elasticsearch に統合されています。 |
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root@dlp:~# wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch -O /etc/apt/keyrings/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch.key root@dlp:~# echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch.key] https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/8.x/apt stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-8.x.list root@dlp:~# apt update root@dlp:~# apt -y install elasticsearch
..... ..... --------------------------- Security autoconfiguration information ------------------------------ Authentication and authorization are enabled. TLS for the transport and HTTP layers is enabled and configured. The generated password for the elastic built-in superuser is : FxRmj5narG2OjPpGSoqe If this node should join an existing cluster, you can reconfigure this with '/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-reconfigure-node --enrollment-token <token-here>' after creating an enrollment token on your existing cluster. You can complete the following actions at any time: Reset the password of the elastic built-in superuser with '/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic'. Generate an enrollment token for Kibana instances with '/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-create-enrollment-token -s kibana'. Generate an enrollment token for Elasticsearch nodes with '/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-create-enrollment-token -s node'. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure elasticsearch service to start automatically using systemd sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service ### You can start elasticsearch service by executing sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service Scanning processes... Scanning linux images... Running kernel seems to be up-to-date. No services need to be restarted. No containers need to be restarted. No user sessions are running outdated binaries. No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.
root@dlp:~#
systemctl enable --now elasticsearch
# 動作確認 # パスワードはインストール中に表示されたパスワードで応答 root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt https://127.0.0.1:9200
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
"name" : "dlp.srv.world",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "DB0eL-laTTmK6ECrLjBWiA",
"version" : {
"number" : "8.14.3",
"build_flavor" : "default",
"build_type" : "deb",
"build_hash" : "d55f984299e0e88dee72ebd8255f7ff130859ad0",
"build_date" : "2024-07-07T22:04:49.882652950Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "9.10.0",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "7.17.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "7.0.0"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
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| [2] |
Elasticsearch を他ホストからも利用する場合は、クラスターの設定を参照ください。
クラスター構成ではないシングルホストの場合でも、他ホストからのリクエストを受け付ける場合は、同様の設定が必要です。 |
| [3] | 日本語が扱えるようにプラグインをインストールします。 |
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# analysis-kuromoji インストール root@dlp:~# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install analysis-kuromoji -> Installing analysis-kuromoji -> Downloading analysis-kuromoji from elastic [=================================================] 100% -> Installed analysis-kuromoji -> Please restart Elasticsearch to activate any plugins installed # インストール済みプラグイン表示 root@dlp:~# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin list analysis-kuromoji |
| [4] | 基本的な使い方です。 まず最初に Index を作成します。RDB のデータベースに相当する概念です。 |
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# Index 一覧を表示 (pretty は JSON 形式の表示を見易くするオプション) root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt https://127.0.0.1:9200/_aliases?pretty
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
".security-7" : {
"aliases" : {
".security" : {
"is_hidden" : true
}
}
}
}
# Index 作成 root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt -X PUT "https://127.0.0.1:9200/test_index" Enter host password for user 'elastic': {"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true,"index":"test_index"} # 確認 root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt https://127.0.0.1:9200/_aliases?pretty
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
".security-7" : {
"aliases" : {
".security" : {
"is_hidden" : true
}
}
},
"test_index" : {
"aliases" : { }
}
}
root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt https://127.0.0.1:9200/test_index/_settings?pretty
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
"test_index" : {
"settings" : {
"index" : {
"routing" : {
"allocation" : {
"include" : {
"_tier_preference" : "data_content"
}
}
},
"number_of_shards" : "1",
"provided_name" : "test_index",
"creation_date" : "1722557802545",
"number_of_replicas" : "1",
"uuid" : "KB7PcAnESd6F8Gz4BJz7AA",
"version" : {
"created" : "8505000"
}
}
}
}
}
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| [5] | Mapping とテストデータの投入を実行します。 Mapping は Index の構造を定義するものです。データを投入すると自動で Mapping 定義されますが、手動で定義することももちろん可能です。 |
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# データ投入 root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -X PUT "https://127.0.0.1:9200/test_index/_doc/001" -d '{
"subject" : "Test Post No.1",
"description" : "This is the initial post",
"content" : "This is the test message for using Elasticsearch."
}'
{"_index":"test_index","_id":"001","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0},"_seq_no":0,"_primary_term":1}
# Mapping 確認 root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt "https://127.0.0.1:9200/test_index/_mapping/?pretty"
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
"test_index" : {
"mappings" : {
"properties" : {
"content" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
},
"description" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
},
"subject" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
# データ確認 root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt "https://127.0.0.1:9200/test_index/_doc/001?pretty"
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
"_index" : "test_index",
"_id" : "001",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"subject" : "Test Post No.1",
"description" : "This is the initial post",
"content" : "This is the test message for using Elasticsearch."
}
}
# データ検索 # 例の検索条件は [description] に [initial] 含む root@dlp:~# curl -u elastic --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/certs/http_ca.crt "https://127.0.0.1:9200/test_index/_search?q=description:initial&pretty=true"
Enter host password for user 'elastic':
{
"took" : 48,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.2876821,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test_index",
"_id" : "001",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"subject" : "Test Post No.1",
"description" : "This is the initial post",
"content" : "This is the test message for using Elasticsearch."
}
}
]
}
}
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