MariaDB 10.3 : SSL/TLS の設定2021/03/15

	MariaDB で SSL/TLS による暗号化通信の設定を有効にします。
[1]	事前に SSL/TLS 証明書を取得または自己署名の証明書を作成しておきます。当例では自己署名の証明書で進めます。
[2]	作成した証明書をコピーして SSL/TLS の設定をします。

# 取得した証明書をコピー

[root@www ~]#

mkdir /var/lib/mysql/pki

[root@www ~]#

cp /etc/pki/tls/certs/{server.crt,server.key,ca-bundle.crt} /var/lib/mysql/pki/

[root@www ~]#

chown -R mysql. /var/lib/mysql/pki

[root@www ~]#

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf

# [mysqld] セクション内に追記

[mysqld]

ssl-ca=/var/lib/mysql/pki/ca-bundle.crt
ssl-cert=/var/lib/mysql/pki/server.crt
ssl-key=/var/lib/mysql/pki/server.key

[root@www ~]#

systemctl restart mariadb

# 設定確認

[root@www ~]#

mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 10.3.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 以下のように表示されれば OK
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%ssl%'; 
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name       | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| have_openssl        | YES                              |
| have_ssl            | YES                              |
| ssl_ca              | /var/lib/mysql/pki/ca-bundle.crt |
| ssl_capath          |                                  |
| ssl_cert            | /var/lib/mysql/pki/server.crt    |
| ssl_cipher          |                                  |
| ssl_crl             |                                  |
| ssl_crlpath         |                                  |
| ssl_key             | /var/lib/mysql/pki/server.key    |
| version_ssl_library | OpenSSL 1.1.1g FIPS  21 Apr 2020 |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
10 rows in set (0.001 sec)

[3]	SSL/TLS で接続する場合は [--ssl] オプションを指定して接続します。

[root@www ~]#

mysql -u root -p --ssl

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 接続状況確認
MariaDB [(none)]> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; 
+---------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                  |
+---------------+------------------------+
| Ssl_cipher    | TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 |
+---------------+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit 
Bye

# 非暗号化通信の場合

[root@www ~]#

mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.3.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 値はブランク
MariaDB [(none)]> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; 
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Ssl_cipher    |       |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)

[4]	ユーザーに対して SSL/TLS アクセスを必須にする場合は、以下のように設定します。

[root@www ~]#

mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 10.3.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーを新規作成
MariaDB [(none)]> create user redhat identified by 'password' require ssl; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

# SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーは ssl_type が ANY
MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,ssl_type from mysql.user; 
+-----------+-----------+----------+
| user      | host      | ssl_type |
+-----------+-----------+----------+
| root      | localhost |          |
| root      | 127.0.0.1 |          |
| root      | ::1       |          |
| cent      | %         |          |
| redhat    | %         | ANY      |
+-----------+-----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)

# 既存ユーザーを SSL/TLS 必須にする
MariaDB [(none)]> grant usage on *.* to 'cent'@'%' require ssl; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,ssl_type from mysql.user; 
+-----------+-----------+----------+
| user      | host      | ssl_type |
+-----------+-----------+----------+
| root      | localhost |          |
| root      | 127.0.0.1 |          |
| root      | ::1       |          |
| cent      | %         | ANY      |
| redhat    | %         | ANY      |
+-----------+-----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.000 sec)