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MariaDB 10.9 : レプリケーション2022/11/24
 
MariaDB レプリケーションの設定です。プライマリー/レプリカ型の冗長構成になります。
[1]
プライマリー/レプリカ 共に、こちらを参考に MariaDB サーバーをインストールして起動しておきます。
[2] プライマリーサーバー側で設定を変更し、レプリケーション用のユーザーを作成しておきます。
[root@www ~]#
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysqld]
# [mysqld] セクション内に追記 : バイナリログを取得

log-bin=mysql-bin
# サーバーID を定義

server-id=101
[root@www ~]#
systemctl restart mariadb

[root@www ~]#
mysql 

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 10.9.3-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# ユーザー作成 : [password] は任意のパスワードを設定
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to repl_user@'%' identified by 'password'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[3] レプリカサーバー側の設定をレプリケーション用に変更します。
[root@node01 ~]#
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysqld]
# [mysqld] セクション内に追記 : バイナリログを取得

log-bin=mysql-bin
# サーバーID を定義 (プライマリー側とは異なる ID)

server-id=102
# リードオンリー

read_only=1
# 自身のホスト名を定義

report-host=node01.srv.world
[root@node01 ~]#
systemctl restart mariadb

[4] プライマリーサーバー側でダンプデータを取得します。
取得したデータは [sftp] なり [rsync] 等を使用して、レプリカサーバー側へ転送しておきます。
# 任意のディレクトリを作成してデータ取得

[root@www ~]#
mkdir /home/mariadb_backup

[root@www ~]#
mariabackup --backup --target-dir /home/mariadb_backup -u root 

[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:07 Connecting to MariaDB server host: localhost, user: root, password: not set, port: not set, socket: not set
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:07 Using server version 10.9.3-MariaDB-log
mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.9.3-MariaDB Linux (x86_64)
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:07 uses posix_fadvise().
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:07 cd to /var/lib/mysql/
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:07 Loading plugins
.....
.....
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:08 Writing xtrabackup_info
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:08         ...done
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:08 Redo log (from LSN 49175 to 49191) was copied.
[00] 2022-11-24 11:48:08 completed OK!
[5] レプリカサーバー側で、プライマリーサーバー側から転送したダンプデータを展開して、レプリケーションの設定をします。 レプリケーション開始後は、プライマリー側でデータベースを作成する等してレプリケーションが行われていることを確認しておくとよいでしょう。
# MariaDB を停止して既存データは削除

[root@node01 ~]#
systemctl stop mariadb

[root@node01 ~]#
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
# 転送したバックアップデータ

[root@node01 ~]#
ll mariadb_backup.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--. 1 fedora fedora 584832 Nov 24 11:49 mariadb_backup.tar.gz
[root@node01 ~]#
tar zxvf mariadb_backup.tar.gz

# リストア事前タスク実行 : [completed OK] であれば OK

[root@node01 ~]#
mariabackup --prepare --target-dir /root/mariadb_backup 

mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.9.3-MariaDB Linux (x86_64)
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 cd to /root/mariadb_backup/
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 open files limit requested 0, set to 1024
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 Loading plugins from provider_lz4=provider_lz4;provider_lzma=provider_lzma
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 Loading plugins
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39         Plugin parameter :  '--plugin_load=provider_lz4=provider_lz4;provider_lzma=provider_lzma'
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39         Plugin parameter :  '--prepare'
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39         Plugin parameter :  '--target-dir'
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39         Plugin parameter :  '/root/mariadb_backup'
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 This target seems to be not prepared yet.
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 mariabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 innodb_data_home_dir = .
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 innodb_log_group_home_dir = .
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 mariabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.12
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of transaction pools: 1
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 100.000MiB, chunk size = 100.000MiB
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2022-11-24 11:50:39 0 [Note] InnoDB: File system buffers for log disabled (block size=512 bytes)
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 Last binlog file , position 0
[00] 2022-11-24 11:50:39 completed OK!
# リストア実行

[root@node01 ~]#
mariabackup --copy-back --target-dir /root/mariadb_backup 

mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.9.3-MariaDB Linux (x86_64)
[01] 2022-11-24 11:51:00 Copying ib_logfile0 to /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile0
[01] 2022-11-24 11:51:00         ...done
[01] 2022-11-24 11:51:00 Copying ibdata1 to /var/lib/mysql/./ibdata1
[01] 2022-11-24 11:51:00         ...done
.....
.....
[01] 2022-11-24 11:51:00 Copying ./xtrabackup_info to /var/lib/mysql/xtrabackup_info
[01] 2022-11-24 11:51:00         ...done
[00] 2022-11-24 11:51:00 completed OK!
[root@node01 ~]#
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

[root@node01 ~]#
systemctl start mariadb
# マスターログの File 値 と Position 値 確認

[root@node01 ~]#
cat /root/mariadb_backup/xtrabackup_binlog_info 

mysql-bin.000001        642     0-101-2
# レプリケーション設定

[root@node01 ~]#
mysql 

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 10.9.3-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# master_host=(マスターサーバーの IP アドレス)
# master_user=(レプリケーション用 ID)
# master_password=(レプリケーション用 ID のパスワード)
# master_log_file=(確認したマスターログの File 値)
# master_log_pos=(確認したマスターログの Position 値)
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to 
master_host='10.0.0.31',
master_user='repl_user',
master_password='password',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=642;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.191 sec)

# レプリケーション開始
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

# ステータス確認
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G 
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                   Master_Host: 10.0.0.31
                   Master_User: repl_user
                   Master_Port: 3306
                 Connect_Retry: 60
               Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 642
                Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002
                 Relay_Log_Pos: 555
         Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
               Replicate_Do_DB:
           Replicate_Ignore_DB:
            Replicate_Do_Table:
        Replicate_Ignore_Table:
       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                    Last_Errno: 0
                    Last_Error:
                  Skip_Counter: 0
           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 642
               Relay_Log_Space: 866
               Until_Condition: None
                Until_Log_File:
                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
            Master_SSL_CA_File:
            Master_SSL_CA_Path:
               Master_SSL_Cert:
             Master_SSL_Cipher:
                Master_SSL_Key:
         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
                 Last_IO_Error:
                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
                Last_SQL_Error:
   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
              Master_Server_Id: 101
                Master_SSL_Crl:
            Master_SSL_Crlpath:
                    Using_Gtid: No
                   Gtid_IO_Pos:
       Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
   Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
                 Parallel_Mode: optimistic
                     SQL_Delay: 0
           SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
       Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
              Slave_DDL_Groups: 0
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
    Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
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